Parables of confusion: Difference between revisions

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Parables of confusion (view source)

Revision as of 12:23, 5 July 2023

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|Blomberg ||God is primary sower; derivatively, Jesus and disciples are also. Preaching of God’s reign. ||Field is world, not Church. Servants are props for the story. ||No referent for man, mustard seed or field. Birds of the air may refer to predominantly Gentile peoples ||No referent for woman, leaven or three measures of flour. ||Man stands for anyone who becomes child of the kingdom. Treasure and pearl refer to kingdom of God which is so valuable that it is worth sacrificing anything to gain it. No referent for “joy” or hiding treasure. ||Net a symbol for God's ingathering of all people at end of age. “Every kind” of fish stands for different nationalities. All actions at time of final sorting; “final judgment”. ||Continuity between old and new covenants.  
|Blomberg ||God is primary sower; derivatively, Jesus and disciples are also. Preaching of God’s reign. ||Field is world, not Church. Servants are props for the story. ||No referent for man, mustard seed or field. Birds of the air may refer to predominantly Gentile peoples ||No referent for woman, leaven or three measures of flour. ||Man stands for anyone who becomes child of the kingdom. Treasure and pearl refer to kingdom of God which is so valuable that it is worth sacrificing anything to gain it. No referent for “joy” or hiding treasure. ||Net a symbol for God's ingathering of all people at end of age. “Every kind” of fish stands for different nationalities. All actions at time of final sorting; “final judgment”. ||Continuity between old and new covenants.  
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|Calvin *added
| Literalistic - Kingdom gets larger
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|Carson ||Word of kingdom compared with gospel of the kingdom. ||Good seed cannot be a message, must be people. Field is the world, not the Church, and this confirms a mission beyond Israel. ||No referent for man, mustard seed or field. Mustard seed a metaphor for small beginning. ||No referent for woman, leaven or three measures of flour. Mustard seed/plant suggests extensive growth, yeast suggests intensive transformation. ||Treasure and pearl are supreme worth of the kingdom for which disciple makes sacrifices. ||Situation at end when Last Judgment takes place. Not about missionary activities of Church. ||“All these things” include parables and mysteries of the kingdom of heaven. Treasure is the heart. “Old” is OT promises about Messiah and kingdom plus OT law and piety. “New” is fulfilment in Jesus’ Person, teaching and kingdom. Scribes likened to householders.  
|Carson ||Word of kingdom compared with gospel of the kingdom. ||Good seed cannot be a message, must be people. Field is the world, not the Church, and this confirms a mission beyond Israel. ||No referent for man, mustard seed or field. Mustard seed a metaphor for small beginning. ||No referent for woman, leaven or three measures of flour. Mustard seed/plant suggests extensive growth, yeast suggests intensive transformation. ||Treasure and pearl are supreme worth of the kingdom for which disciple makes sacrifices. ||Situation at end when Last Judgment takes place. Not about missionary activities of Church. ||“All these things” include parables and mysteries of the kingdom of heaven. Treasure is the heart. “Old” is OT promises about Messiah and kingdom plus OT law and piety. “New” is fulfilment in Jesus’ Person, teaching and kingdom. Scribes likened to householders.  
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|Luz ||Word of the kingdom corresponds to the gospel of the kingdom and means the earthly Jesus’ proclamation of the kingdom. ||Field is the world, not the Church. Jesus announces a universal claim for his message. The already existing reign of Christ over heaven and earth made visible through his disciples (28:16-20) ||In light of previous parable, the person who sows is understood as the Son of Man and the field as the world. Birds of the air may conceivably be Gentiles. ||Implicitly identifies the woman as the Church which is to leaven the world by uncovering the hiddenness of truth. The Church has something to do with the mustard seed sown by the Son of Man and with the leaven that is leavening. ||Human action underscored in view of the opportunity presented by the kingdom of heaven. Warning against riches. ||Connects the mission with the Church. No time factor in this parable as there is in tares of the field. Last judgment scene. ||Understanding is part of bearing fruit. New is the gospel of the kingdom and old the traditional task of the scribe. Continuity between old and new.  
|Luz ||Word of the kingdom corresponds to the gospel of the kingdom and means the earthly Jesus’ proclamation of the kingdom. ||Field is the world, not the Church. Jesus announces a universal claim for his message. The already existing reign of Christ over heaven and earth made visible through his disciples (28:16-20) ||In light of previous parable, the person who sows is understood as the Son of Man and the field as the world. Birds of the air may conceivably be Gentiles. ||Implicitly identifies the woman as the Church which is to leaven the world by uncovering the hiddenness of truth. The Church has something to do with the mustard seed sown by the Son of Man and with the leaven that is leavening. ||Human action underscored in view of the opportunity presented by the kingdom of heaven. Warning against riches. ||Connects the mission with the Church. No time factor in this parable as there is in tares of the field. Last judgment scene. ||Understanding is part of bearing fruit. New is the gospel of the kingdom and old the traditional task of the scribe. Continuity between old and new.  
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|MacArthur || Litaeralist BUT birds represent Gentiles  
|MacArthur * || Litaeralist BUT birds represent Gentiles  
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|Nolland ||Word of the kingdom refers to gospel of the kingdom and Jesus is the sower. ||Field is the world. ||Jesus must be the sower. No other referents. ||Woman’s action must correspond to what is happening in Jesus’ ministry. No specific referents. ||Value to the individual of discovering the kingdom of heaven. ||Filling of net plays somewhat analogous role to maturing of the crop. ||Solid possession and proper use of the old are tied up with the gaining of the new in the treasure of the kingdom of heaven.  
|Nolland ||Word of the kingdom refers to gospel of the kingdom and Jesus is the sower. ||Field is the world. ||Jesus must be the sower. No other referents. ||Woman’s action must correspond to what is happening in Jesus’ ministry. No specific referents. ||Value to the individual of discovering the kingdom of heaven. ||Filling of net plays somewhat analogous role to maturing of the crop. ||Solid possession and proper use of the old are tied up with the gaining of the new in the treasure of the kingdom of heaven.  
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